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Basics of Biblical Aramaic: Complete Grammar, Lexicon, and Annotated Text, by Miles V. Van Pelt
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There are 269 verses in the Old Testament written in Aramaic, not in Hebrew. Most of the verses are found in Daniel and Ezra. Basics of Biblical Aramaic follows the same easy-to-understand style found the widely-used Basics of Biblical Hebrew and includes everything you need to learn Biblical Aramaic. This book is designed for those who already have a working knowledge of Biblical Hebrew. Basics of Biblical Aramaic features: -Complete lexicon of Biblical Aramaic -Complete annotated text of all 269 Bible verses written in Aramaic -Chapter exercises -Answer key
- Sales Rank: #127422 in Books
- Brand: Van Pelt, Miles V.
- Published on: 2011-06-12
- Released on: 2011-06-12
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 10.98" h x .59" w x 8.50" l, 1.40 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 256 pages
About the Author
Miles Van Pelt (PhD, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary) is the Alan Belcher Professor of Old Testament and Biblical Languages at Reformed Theological Seminary in Jackson, Mississippi, where he also serves as Academic Dean. Miles lives in Madison, Mississippi, with his wife, Laurie, and their four children.
Most helpful customer reviews
39 of 41 people found the following review helpful.
Basics of Biblical Aramaic
By Paavo Tucker
This book is very similar to the grammar by Greenspahn. It assumes a knowledge of Biblical Hebrew, follows the same basic structure, and has very similar exercises to G. G follows the German designations for verb stems (G, D, H etc) whereas van Pelt goes with Peal, Peil, Haphel etc, which I prefer as they are easier to remember as they sound like the verbs when pronounced. As an improvement to G, this book has the full text of every Aramaic verse in the bible accompanied with notes to help in translation (compared to G, which has dummied down and condensed snippets of the biblical materials at the end of each chapter as translation exercises). As it's title suggests, the book is limited to Biblical Aramaic, whereas G branches out into extra-biblical materials in Targum, Midrash, letters and inscriptions. If you are interested in learning Biblical Aramaic and nothing more, van Pelt is sufficient and preferable to G. If you want to learn Biblical Aramaic as a springboard into other Aramaic materials, G provides a better foundation for that.
16 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
The new Aramaic standard
By Abram Kielsmeier-Jones
This textbook is a great one. I'm amazed at how much Aramaic it helped me pick up in just a long afternoon and evening. What follows is my review of Miles V. Van Pelt's stellar text, Basics of Biblical Aramaic. It's a winner!
Basics of Biblical Aramaic (BBA hereafter) is a "Complete Grammar, Lexicon, and Annotated Text." I'll review each of these components in turn.
SCOPE, AIM AND AUDIENCE
BBA seeks to include "everything you need to learn biblical Aramaic" and is "designed for those who already have a working knowledge of biblical Hebrew." This is a fair expectation, since most students of Aramaic only come to Aramaic having already had Hebrew (and often Greek, too). This allows Van Pelt to use Hebrew as a springboard for Aramaic throughout the book, which he does to great effect. He writes "for those students who desire to study, teach, and preach faithfully from those portions of the Bible that appear in Aramaic."
I write as a member of Van Pelt's target audience. I've had (more than) a year of Hebrew but no Aramaic to date.
GRAMMAR
Van Pelt divides the grammar into the following sections:
*Phonology, in which he introduces the Aramaic alphabet, vowels, and syllabification
*The Nominal System, in which he covers nouns (absolute, determined, and construct states), conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns and pronominal suffixes, adjectives, numerals, adverbs, and particles
*The Verbal system, in which he covers the simple Peal stem in all its conjugations (perfect, imperfect, imperative, etc.), followed by the derived stems in their multiple conjugations
*Six pages of quick-reference Charts and Paradigms
In the book's layout and in many other ways, BBA is like Van Pelt's Basics of Biblical Hebrew (BBH), which he co-authored with Gary D. Pratico.
As with BBH the typical chapter layout of BBA is grammar followed by vocabulary. And in this case, since the workbook is essentially included in the text, chapters close with exercises. There is no answer key included, but the book lists the site from which it can be downloaded.
Van Pelt classifies verbs according to the "Peal" stem and its derived stems-also explaining alternate verbal terminology (G-stem, etc.). As he explains the various conjugations, he keeps aspect firmly in mind:
"The incomplete (or imperfective) aspect of the Imperfect conjugation is well suited for describing present and future actions and so a present or future tense English translation is common with this verbal form. However, it is important to remember that that imperfective aspect of the imperfect conjugation may refer to actions in the past, present, or future..."
One of Van Pelt's aims in this textbook is "pedagogical sensitivity," which he notes has not always appeared in Aramaic grammars. (He may have the text by Alger F. Johns in mind, which, good as it is, is not as user-friendly.) He succeeds immensely in this regard. That Van Pelt is a professor in an actual classroom is on display throughout the text; his tone is warm and even encouraging in many places. Each chapter concludes with a "Before You Move On" section, which helps the reader distinguish between things he or she needs to commit to memory and what he or she can leave for future reference.
Van Pelt's grouping of vocabulary also exhibits "pedagogical sensitivity." Initial lists have vocabulary that is similar or identical to Hebrew, so that an Aramaic student can get a quick jump on vocabulary acquisition. Van Pelt groups several lists according to semantic domain and also parts of speech. This is merciful to the students who will work their way through BBA (and good pedagogy). He includes all Aramaic words occurring four times or more in the OT, which constitute 91% of the text.
LEXICON
The lexicon is a comprehensive one that includes every Aramaic word occurring in the OT. Van Pelt bases the definitions/glosses on HALOT. There are definitions for different stems of each verb, too. There are no word frequency counts, either here or in the vocabulary lists. (Basics of Biblical Hebrew has frequencies in the vocab lists at the end of each chapter, one of its great features.) However, this may not be as essential as in Hebrew, since the Aramaic corpus in the OT is smaller. Van Pelt does include frequency statistics for many prepositions, conjunctions, adverbs, particles, and stems as he introduces them throughout the text.
ANNOTATED TEXT
This is the best feature of an already great textbook. In the same way that Van Pelt and Pratico's Graded Reader of Biblical Hebrew helps the student to really dig into the text, the Annotated Text in the back of BBA allows the student to put his or her new knowledge of Aramaic into practice. Every OT verse and passage in Aramaic is included: Genesis 31:47, Jeremiah 10:11, Daniel 2:4b-7:28, Ezra 4:8-6:18, and Ezra 7:12-26. The footnotes link back to specific chapters and sections of the text, and Van Pelt includes detailed morphological and lexical analysis of various words.
FURTHER REFLECTIONS
I have only two (minor) critiques of this textbook, which are as much as anything hopes for small adjustments that might be made in a future printing or edition of this book.
First, there is little about Aramaic in its Northwest Semitic context. This isn't an oversight; Van Pelt says his grammar is not "written for Aramaic scholars or for students interested in comparative Semitic grammar." Instead he wants to help produce a "working knowledge" for those who will "study, teach, and preach faithfully" from the Aramaic portions of the Bible. Fair enough. And he does allude to further discussions of Aramaic as a language in his footnotes. But as I imagine myself teaching and preaching Aramaic portions of the Bible, I think it would be helpful to know something of Aramaic's context and development, to explain to my congregation. This could simply be a few paragraphs in a future edition.
Second, the verbal diagnostics Van Pelt highlights (using "the identification of distinctive verbal features unique to a group of related verbal forms") are explained in the individual chapters, but not color-coded in the paradigm charts. They are given in red in the Hebrew textbook Van Pelt co-authored, and this was one of the most useful parts of that book-it really aided in learning the paradigms. Van Pelt does explain what diagnostics to look for, but I'd love if a future edition or printing could color-code the vowels/consonants that constitute the various verbal diagnostics.
Also, though this might be asking a lot of a single text, I found the English to Hebrew composition exercises in the BBH workbook to be a great way to improve my Hebrew. Perhaps supplemental composition exercises could find their way onto Van Pelt's site in the future?
I initially thought a $45 retail price was steep for a paperback. But considering that this includes a grammar text, workbook exercises, a comprehensive Aramaic lexicon, and an annotated text of all the Aramaic in the Old Testament... it's actually reasonable. In the Hebrew and Greek equivalents to this textbook, the text, workbook, and set of annotated readings are all separate volumes. This was a good move on the book's part, I thought, and makes it easy to refer to it time and again as a one-stop shop for Aramaic acquisition and development.
What stands out most to me about Basics of Biblical Aramaic is the very-nice-to-have Annotated Text at the back with all the Aramaic OT passages. And another standout feature of this text is that Van Pelt truly does display "pedagogical sensitivity" throughout the text. Who would have thought an Aramaic textbook could have such a conversational tone without sacrificing thoroughness and good pedagogy?
Five stars. I imagine this textbook will become the standard in seminary and upper-level college courses where students learn biblical Aramaic.
My thanks to Zondervan for the review copy of this textbook.
19 of 20 people found the following review helpful.
Another excellent Zondervan languages resource
By Jacob Sweeney
Learning Biblical Languages is rarely easy for anyone. It's a difficult subject that requires significant amount of practice and review. My own experience has taught me, however, that a good teacher makes all the difference. Besides the teacher the choice of textbook makes a great difference. I have used both the Greek and Hebrew textbooks published by Zondervan and have been helped tremendously by them all.
Zondervan has made another helpful addition to their growing number of language resources. Dr. Miles V. Van Pelt - co-author of Basics of Biblical Hebrews - has recently published a grammar of Aramaic. Those who are familiar with Hebrew and Old Testament are aware that there are a number of important OT passages that come to us in Aramaic.
Those who have used Van Pelt's Hebrew grammar will find a similar structure in this grammar. I find the layout helpful. I am a highly visual learner and the frequent charts and break-up of paragraphs prevented the all-to-frequent feeling of being overwhelmed by content. The grammar also comes with a lexicon of Aramaic vocabulary and a collection of OT texts that are in Aramaic.
Reviewing this text exposed my need to brush up on my knowledge of Hebrew grammar. Van Pelt's contribution is not for those who have not had training in Hebrew first. But, for those who do have training in Hebrew this will prove a very helpful text for Aramaic. I can't wait to have the time to dive into this grammar and benefit from Van Pelt's excellent ability to teach difficult subjects.
NOTE: In accordance with the regulations of the Federal Trade Commission I would like to state that I have received the aforementioned text as compensation for my review.
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